What Is the Nutrition Focused Physical Exam?

Did you know that pale skin and spoon-shaped nails might be a physical sign of iron deficiency? Or, that weight gain may be a sign of fluid buildup in body tissues?

Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) can perform a physical exam called the Nutrition Focused Physical Exam, or NFPE. This exam can help assess nutritional status or check for malnutrition. This exam may be part of your nutrition assessment when you meet with an RDN.

Step 1: Getting Started

Before doing a physical exam, your RDN will make sure you have privacy and are comfortable. They also will explain what to expect during the exam.

Step 2: Conducting the Exam

During the exam, the RDN looks for signs of nutrient deficiencies and malnutrition. How in-depth the exam is can vary based on the setting. For example, the exam may be more extensive in the hospital. In an outpatient setting, the RDN may do a shorter version of the NFPE.

There are several areas an RDN may check during your exam. These may provide information about your nutrition status. Some examples include:

• Muscle or grip strength
• Scalp, hair, mouth, skin and nail health
• Appearance and feeling of different body parts, including the arms, legs, chest, back and face
• Signs of fluid retention or dehydration

Step 3: Interpreting the Findings

The RDN will share the findings of your exam with you and your health care team. The RDN will also discuss any recent changes in your eating patterns or weight. Based on this assessment, further testing may be recommended. You also may receive specific recommendations about your nutrition needs.